Predicting cardiovascular disease in peritoneal dialysis patients using glycated proteomics and machine learning: A prospective multicentre study.

Published in Clinical and translational medicine. Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, yet PD-specific biomarkers and prediction models remain limited. This study aimed to identify glycated peptide biomarkers associated with CVD in PD patients and develop a prediction model integrating glycated proteomics and clinical indicators using machine learning. In Phase I, a matched discovery cohort (48 PD patients with CVD and 48 without CVD) was used to identify glycated peptides by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), with glmnet used to prioritise candidate biomarkers. In Phase II, candidate biomarkers were quantified in a prospective internal derivation cohort (n = 240) and a multicentre external validation cohort (n = 102). The combined model was developed using F-test feature selection and elastic-net logistic regression. Its predictive performance was compared with three published cardiovascular risk models. Patients were stratified using a training-derived Youden cutoff. In the discovery cohort, 257 glycated peptides were differentially abundant between groups. Four candidate biomarkers were prioritised, and two peptides, GEAFTLK(g)ATVLNYLPK and K(g)QHLFVK, were retained in the final model together with six clinical indicators: phosphate, diabetes, total Kt/V, albumin, cardiac troponin T, and glycated albumin. The combined model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) of 0.784 in the training set, 0.781 i...